Train control and signaling device



Feb. 25, 1930. w, c, NEIN 1,748,919

TRAIN CONTROL AND SIGNALING DEVICE I Original Filed Jan. 8, 1916 S'Sheets-Sheet 1 W5 IIVI/EIVTOR ATTORNEY Feb. 25, 1930. 'w.c.'NEl -1 ,7 8,919

TRAIN CONTROL AND SIGNALING DEVICE Originall FiledJa n'. 8, 1916 5 h s-Sheet 2 INVEIVTOR mommy Feb. 25, 1930, w. c. NEIN 1,743,919

I TRAIN CONTROL AND SIGNALING DEVICE Original Filed Jan. 8, 1916 3 sheet -she t 5 ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 25,1930

UNITED STATES WILLIAM c. NEIN, or SEWICKLEY, PENNSYLVANIAyASSIGNOR To GENERAL Rernv'vinz SIGNAL coMPANY,'or ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF new YORK TRAIN CONT OL AND SIGNALING DEVICE Application filed January 8, ISIS, semi m. 70,922. Renewed November 10, rear.

This invention-relates to devices whereby a train or vehlcle, upon the occurrence of danger conditions, is compelled to be slowed down or is stopped. Suitable'signals also may be included in the'equipment to indidistributed along the track, the fields of which induce currents in a train circuit as the tra n passes the magnets. The magnets are controlled according to the existing condi V tions so that the induction in'the vehicle'cir- Y cuit is varied in response to these conditions and the control exerted accordingly.

The magnets alongthe track may comprise permanent magnets and also electromagnets, the permanent magnets producing danger V conditions in the vehicle circuit while the effect of the electroma'gnets in association plan with ZL'IhOClIfiGd arrangement of track with that of the permanent magnets is to cause the operations in the vehiclecircuit to correspond to existing conditions, the electromagnets being controllable according to those conditions.

, It is themain object of the present invens tion' to enforce a speed control of the vehicle or train iii-accordance with conditions as impressed upon the track magnets and inductively transferred to the vehiclecircuit. k

' It is a further objectofthe invention to provide means for bringing the train or ve-' h cle toa stop in case'the engineer or driver 7 does not heed the conditions of the track mag nets as inductively transferred tothe vehicle circuit.

' A further object of the invention is to pro-.

vide means for causing the stoppingof the train in case of derangementor failure to operate of the controlling apparatus upon the Other and ancillary objects of the invention will appear hereinafter. r V In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention,

Fig. l'is a diagram of vehicle controlling arenas and apparatus.

' Fig is a diagrammatic view showing the arrangement of track magnets and Cll'CIlltS.

of a speed indicating and controlling apparatus as will be hereinafter referred to. t

Fig. 4 is a side elevation showing details, of

a worm operated'switch as will behereinafter referred to.

Fig. 3-is a side elevation showing details,

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 -5 of Fig. 4, r Fig. 6 is a side elevation showing details, of

another worm operated switch.

Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a track curve and arrangement of magnets for compelling slowingdown on approaching the curve.

Fig.8 is an elevation of a pair of vehicle wheels and their connecting axle showinga modified arrangement of the vehicle coil inductively acted upontb'y the track magnets. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a vehicle truck and track showinga modified arrangement of the vehicle coilandalso a modified arrangement'of the track magnets. r

Fig. 10 is a, diagram showing the track in magnets.

Y ll is a plan of the track showing another manner of arranging-the track magnets. Fig. 12 is a section on the line 12-12 of Figll, also showing in" elevation an arrangement of the vehicle coil on the car.

Fig. 18showsgdetails of 'auni directional 0.

Fig. 14 is an enlarged view o'f a section of. the track together with curves showing-the drive, and

track is divided into blocks'by" means of electrical insulation as at C, D and" E. Across the rails in each block are respectively connected batteries as F, G and H. Also connected across the rails in each block are the block, the relay will let go and ascentacts' will-open; v a

The track relay of each block, as T, has its contacts in a circuit including the coils of electromagnets as N and O of the preceding block, and a battery such as V. So long as the track relay contacts are closed the electromagnets are energized and are deenergized with the 'deenergizing of the track relay and opening of its contacts. The track' relays may also be used to operate wayside semaphores such as WV, X and Y in a well known manner.

Similarly the block succeeding that having the electromagnets N and O has the electroinagnets P and Q, and so on. Each of the electromagnets is succeeded by a permanent magnet such as I, K, L, M etc. Care should be taken to suitably insulate the cores of the magnets from the rails so that they will not form short circuits between the rails. Also, succeeding magnets have their polarities reversed; that is, the north of an electromagnet and the south pole of its succeeding permanent magnet are on'the same side of the track.

R represents a vehicle on the track.

The magnetic fields of the electro and permanent magnets along the track act inductively upon a circuit carried by the vehicle as it passesthe magnets, whereby to signal the engineer or driver upon the vehicle and to enforce reduction of speed or stoppage of the vehicle under certain conditions of'danger as will be hereinafter more fully .referred' to.

As the vehicle circuit enters through the field of anelectromagnet it will have an impulse generated as indicated by the loop 1 of the curve shown in Fig. 1 1. As it passes out of the field an opposite undulation of electromotive force will be induced as indicated by the loop 3, of the electromotive force curve. As the vehicle circuit enters through the field of the following permanent magnet an undulation 4 will be generated which is the opposite to the first undulation generated on entering the field of the electromagnet. This is because the polarity of the permanent magnet is reversed with relation to that of the electromagnet as above noted. As the vehicle circuit passes out of the field of the permanent magnet an undulation 5 of electromotive force will be generated which is opposite in sign to the ered. The usual car wheels 6 and 7 connected together by the axle 8 rest upon the rails A and B.

As the wheels enter the field of a magnet the lines of force will traverse the wheels and axle threading the coils 9 and 10 which surround the wheels and, as the lines of force within these coils vary, electromotive'force will be generated therein. The coils 9 and 10 are so constructed and arranged that these electromotive forces will act in conjunction with each other so that the total induced electromotive force acting upon the vehicle circuit will be equal to the sum of the electromotive forces induced in these coils.

The coils 9 andlO are connected in circuit with a battery 11' and relays 12and 13, the relay 12 controlling two sets of contacts insulated from each other 'by the insulation 14C in the relay tongue. Thebattery 11 is so connected in circuit that it will act in conjunction with the first undulation of electromotive force produced by passage over an energized electromagnet.

Fromthe axle 8 is driven a flexible shaft 15 which drives the worm 16 through a unidirectional transmission device 17 which always drivesthe worm 16 in thesame direction regardless of the direction of'rotation of the axle 8 and shaft 15. The worm 16 drives the worm l9 through a suitable drive shaft 18 and the worm 19 in turn drives the worm 21 through a suitable drive 20. The last mentioned worm is connected in driving relation to a generator 22. .By thus arranging the generator at the end of the series of driven parts as indicated, any break in connections anywhere along the l1ne by whlch any of the driven parts would fail to oper-v ate, would become apparent at once by the failure of the generator 22 to produce voltage. This would result in the application of the brakes and stoppage of the train at the first magnet encountered for reasons which will hereinafterappear.

The device comprising the worm 16 (see Fig. 6) includes an arm 23 pivoted at 25 to permit the driving projection 24 for the arm tobe moved-into and out of engagement with the worm 16. The pivoting at 26 of the bracket in which the arm 23 is pivoted permits movement of that arm in a plane substantially parallel to the axis of the worm.

Actingupon the tail of the arm 23 is an electromagnet 27 which,when energized, depresses the tail and disengages the arm from the worm. A spring 28 tends to hold the arm in engagement with the worm and also to retract it to the right (see Fig. 1) when it is disengaged from the worm by the electromagnet. A stationary contact 28 is so po- "sitioned that it contacts with the tailof the 7 arm 23 when the latter is depressed. Also a stationary contact 29 18 so placed asito engage the arm 23 when it is in engagement with the worm near the left hand end of its,

travel (see Fig. 1).

The apparatus including the worm 19 (see Figs. 4 and 5) comprises an arm 29 pivoted at 31 to. permit movement toward and away from the worm so that the drivin oro'ection' v 30 of the arm may be moved into and out of engagement with the worm. The pivot 31 is in a bracket pivoted at 32 which permits the arm 29 to turn in a plane perpendicular to its -movement about the pivot 31. The proj ec- 'tioiiis held in engagement with the worm by means of the energized magnet '33when energized, the arm 29 under such conditions :being heldin engagement with a contact 34c. A spring 35 (see Fig. 1) tends to retract the arm 29, toward the right hand against a stop 36 and also exerts an outward pull disen agneedle. 'WlllCll, however, is calibrated to read in ing it from the wormfi Atthe left hand end of the worm is a cam 37 which engages with the arm29 when near the end of its lefthand travel and forces. it out of engagement with the worm, breaking thecontact at 3 (therebydeenergizing the magnet 33 as will later appear). The spring 35 then retracts the ar m as described.

- The apparatus including the worm 21 (see Fig. '3) comprises a needle 38 fixed to the movable" element 3970f a dArsonval type of instrument so as to be in reality a volt meter This needle'moves over a-dial 10 speed, such as'miles per hour, as such terms express the conditions of prime importance in connection with this application of such apparatus. One end of-the movable element of the volt meter is pivoted in a bridge 11 in the usual manner.

Also pivoted in this bridge is a bracket 42' carrying a pivoted stop arm 43. The stop arm may thus be turned in planes at right angles to each other. It may be turned about the pivot 44: by means of an electromagnet 45 which pulls down upon the tail of the stop arm when it is energized. Also the stop arm carries a pro ection 46 adapted to be moved out of and into engagement with the worm 21 as the magnet 45 is energized and deenergized. The stop arm also carries contacts 47. and 43 adapted to respectivelyengage'with the stationary contacts 49 and 50 located at the left hand side ofthe dial as viewed in Fig. 1. The tail of the stop arm also carries a contact 52 adapted to engagev with the stationary contact 53 when the tail is drawn down by energizing of the magnet 15. Also the stop arm carries a circuit closer comprising the spring contact 54 insulated from the arm and normally bearing against the contact 55 to maintain the circuit closed. The indicator needle 38 carrie's a projection 56 adapted to come a ainst "the' 'co'ntact "54 when they are brought into proxiinity and press it away from the contttet eb seas-to" openthecirciiit. I

1 ,The stop arm isdrawn to the right as viewed in Fig. 1 by means of a spring 57 which not only retracts the arm along the dial asdesc'ribed, but also tendsto hold it in 1 engagement with the worm. The set position i of the arm on the right hand side is defined by a stop rod 58 against the end of which abuts the stop arm 43-. This stop rod 58 is swung back and forth, soas to change the initial position of the stop arm 43, by means of a lever59 pivoted to the rod 58 and also pivoted at 60. At its-end the lever 59 carries the weight 61 whichmay swing to the right or left aboutthepivot 60 accordingto the inclination of the vehicle in which it is mounted. This shifting of the weight 61 will shift'the setting of the stop arin'43 and it is soplaced in the vehicle that the plane of its turning is parallel to the direction of movement of the vehicle i. e. the pivotal axis 60 is transverse to the direction of movement of the vehicle. l/Vhen therefore the vehicle is going upgrade, the weight 61 will swing in one direction and when it is going down grade the weight will swing in the opposite direction. This will cause corresponding extension or retraction of the setting point of the stop arm 3. The setting of-the stop arm 13 controls the distance through which the train may move without-being brought to a stop (provided theengineer heeds his warnings as a condition of danger is passed),

and the braking distance of a train being greater ondown grade than on up grade or on a'level, the setting device is so adjusted that on down grade the swing of the weight 61 will move the initial set point of the stop arm further to the right as viewed in Fig. 1, while a swing of the weight in the opposite direction on up grade will move the from the vehicle axle so that its electro-' motive force is proportional to the speed. The battery 62 is of an electromotive force such that no speed of the train will cause the electromotive force of the generator-t0 exceed it. The result is that with noelectromotive force delivered by the generator, that of the battery will cause the'needle 38'to.

be thrown to the extreme left hand position against the tension of the spring 64. With the generator in operation the resriltanteleotromotive force acting upon the voltmeter coil will be reduced equal to-that of the batwordsthe' torque exerted upon the needle 'tery minus that of the generator. In other will be reduced by the amount of the generator voltage and it will be proportionally drawn to the right by the spring 6%. The pothe needle to the right opening the circuit between the contacts 5-1 and 55 and applying the brakes. The uni-directional driving mechanism '17 ma 1 be constructed as shown in Fig.13. A bevel gear 77 is fixed to the driving shaft 15 and meshes with two bevel gears 78 and 79 mounted loosely on the driven shaft 80 so that they may turn there- One of the latter gears always rotates in the desired directions and they are pro vided with ratchet and pawl connections 81 and 82 each arranged to form driving engagement in the desired direction but the pawl of each slipping over its ratchet teeth on reverse rotation.

The apparatus also comprises the normal ly energized air brake control magnet in circuit with a battery 66, the circuit being controlled by thecontacts 54C and 55 before referred to. A relay 67 connected across the terminals of the generator 22 serves, when energized, to close the circuit of the magnet 65 independently of the contacts of the relay 12. This magnet 67 serves as tell tale as to whether or not the generator 22 is properly generating. If it is not generating the circuit of the air magnet 65 will be opened and the brakes immediately applied when the relay 67 lets go, this on the assumption that the relay 12 is then in its retracted position.

The apparatus also comprises visual clear and danger signals 68 and 69 such as green and red' lamps with a controlling relay 7 0;

also an audibleclear signal such as the bell' 71 and an audible danger signal as the horn together with controlling relays 73, 74 and "Z5 and a battery 76, the functions of which will more fully appear from the following consideration of the operation of the appara- The operation may be traced as follows In the condition as shown 1n Fig. 1, the

stop arm i3 is set at the desired maximum hold the brakes off subject to the control of the engineers valve. The relays 12 and 13 are in a closed circuit including the battery 11 and the wheel coils 9 and 1O. The relay 13 is so proportioned that it will not lift un der battery current while relay 12 will lift. The relay 75. magnet 27 and relay 73 are energized, being connected in series across,

of the worm 16 and retracted by its spring to its right hand limit. The relay 73 closes no circuit as it connects with the tongue of relay 13 whose contacts are open. The relay 75 closes circuit at its forward contact from one side of the battery 7 6 through the magnet 45, the arm as, contact 53 and the relay 7 0 to the other side of the battery. The arm'43 will hus be held clear of the worm and retracted o the right against the stop rod 58 by the pring 57, and circuit of the clear'light 68 vill be closed through the forward contact of h relay 70. The circuit through the magnet 33 is broken at the relay 13and also at the contact 34. The arm 29 is therefore pulled clear of the worm 19 and retracted against the right hand stop 36. The generator delivering no voltage, the full voltage of the battery 62 will be exerted upon the coil 39 and the torque'produce'd is suliicient to'turn the needie '38 to the zero position at the left. It may be stated here that the resistance 63 is so high that it preventsthe battery 62 from supplying sufficient current to the relay 67 to operate it. So long as no track magnets acting inductively on the vehicle are encountered, the engineer may start and stop his engine, and control its speed as desired provided he does not allow the speed to become excessive. As the train starts up the generator 22 picks up and lifts the relay 67. Also it opposes its voltage to that of the battery so that the torque on the needle 38 is reduced and it is accordingly drawn to the right y its spring. If the speed is allowed to equal that for which the stop arm 43 is set, the needle will engage the contact 54 and open the circuit of the magnet 65 thereby causing the air valve to open and the brakes to be applied.

If the vehicle is passing along a clear block,

that is one with no vehicle in the block ahead, it will first encounter the field of an electromagnet. As the wheels carrying the wheel coils 9 and 10, pass through this field there will be induced in those coils positive and negative alternations of electromotive force as indicated at 1 and 3 in Fig. 1 1. The coils.

and battery 11 are so relatively connected that the first-encountered positive undulation reinforces the electromotive force of the battery. This produces an increased pull in the relay 12 which efiects no change, The recircuit being-independent of the relays 13 lay v13 is however sufliciently strengthened to pick up. This closes circuit throughithe bell -71, relay 7 1, magnet 33 and forward contacts of relays 13 and 7 3 across the battery 7 6. The

ringing of the bell notifies the" engineer that conditions are clear. The closing of the .con-

tacts of nelay'M establishes a circuit for the.

relay 73, 'Whichmay be traced as. follows beginning at the positive side of battery 7 6, relay 75, contacts 2823, magnet 27, relay 73, front contact of relay. 74', :back to the bat- .tery '76. Theenergized magnet 33 draws the arm 29 into engagement with its worm and establishes circuit for the relay '74: and magnet "33 by engaging with the contact 34, thls and 73. The arm thereupon begins its travel I ately applying thev brakes.

to the left along the worm, maintaining contact 'Withthe contact 34 throughout its travel.

As. the coils '9 and 10 leave the field .of the ve'lectromagnet', however,-an opposite undulation as indicated at 3. in Fig. 14, will beinduced and -this,.being in opposition to :the

I voltage of the battery 11, the electromotive force or the circuit including relays 12 and '13 .will'bereduced. The relays 12and 13 will then-'letgo but this will produce no change'as :net will be produced: This, however, will not cause any change in the vehicle circuit. Its tendency is to "cause-the relays 12 and 13 Passing on out ofithe field of the permanent 3 magnet an opposite undu'lationfi (Fig. 14) will be produced. This againreinforces the voltage of the battery 11, causing therelay 13-to pick up ther'elay; 12 being already up,it

havingbeen dropped and again pickedup by current derived from the car battery 1 1 -bu't thisproduces no effect as the circuits closed thereby were, previously closed as above indicated.

The arms29 the'left until it is wedged away from the contact 341 and'out of the worm by thewedged shaped cam" 37 at the l'e ft hand jend of the worm. The nais. then immediately retractedby the spring Also the circuit of the magnet 33,..relay 'M 'and bell 71 will be broken,'.the relay "dropped-in t mean tim r n r ng-; mne bl he closure -jof the pick-up cir u tfor g et The "relayl7f4c will let go and the lpartsfwill return to '{their normal I. condition in wh ch continues its movement toward same were foundbefore the field of the electromagnet was encountered."

If, however, the vehicle .is assumed to be entering the block of Fig. 2, just preceding the block containing the vehicle ZR, it will "be block being entered, .theelectroma-gnets being deenergized. As the vehicle under consideration passes along the block, it will first encounter the field .of a permanent magnet i. ,e. 1

an undulation as 4 (Fig. 14:) will 'be first inducedin the coils ,9 and 10. This is in 70 seen that a danger condltion Wlll ex st 'ln'the opposition to the voltage of the battery llaLnd will cause the relay 12 to let go, the relay 13 remaining open. The opening of the .relay 12 breaks the circuit of the relay '73gthemag-.

net 27 and the relay? 5 whichare connected in series across thebattery 76. :Thereupon circuit is made through the back contact of the relay 75. through the horn 7 2 whichSOunds a danger signal. It will be seen that the tongue of the relay 7 3 is adapted :When "it is lifted to establish-a connection of the tongue of the relay l3rwith one terminal oftheZbattery 76. nder such circumstances,"when the tongue of the relay 13 is in li fted position, it

will connect this battery terminal-with those contacts with which it, the tongue engages.

' -When, therefore, therelay 73-lets go uponthe breakingof its circuit at the contacts 23 28 of magnet 27 as just described, the battery connection just referred to with the tongue 13 will be lifted on the succeeding zundula- 'tion, it will not connect the battery terminal referred to with the contacts withwhiehit engages because this battery connection has' already been broken at the'contactsgofthe relay,73. The arm 23will bemoved' into .field, is in conjunction ,withthe .vo ltagaof the batte'ry and causes the relays 12.1,and .13 to. pick up. The lifting .ofgthe relay .12,

however, has no, eiiect as the ,circuit whichit closes is broken.atthe contact 28. The lift. ing of the relay 13 alsoproduces no e fiect at h im asthebat e y e t 'q f its tongue is broken. i

The letting go of the relay ,75 .as noted above breaks the circuit ati'ts'forWard contact, 'of the magnet which lets go tlie arm 43. This arm thereuponis drawn iii-toes.

0f the relay 13 will'be broken, relay.7;3 being down; so that while the tongue of the relay engagement :withits worm'by the spring g-g and begin its travel towardthelefti H I 'Thesucceeding undula-tionh (Fig '14) pro-"f duced as the vehicle coils mOveontef the gagement withthe worm -21-by the sp ring=57.

' Also this I movement of the arm bre'aks the 1 circuit. of therelay at contact-5 3. 3 flihesire- -lay'70 then lets.go,br eaks thecircuitof.the

thc p clear'light 68. and-closes thecircuit Off? red' danger light-69 acrossthe batt -'1 The, arm 43 now starts upon its: travel'zto the left along theworm 21 and if theengineer is to prevent theapplication of theair brakes established through the contact 29.

and stoppage of the train, he must reduce his speed so that the indicator needle 38 willbe'kept out of the way of the arm 43. Otherwise all the circuits of the brake magnet 65 will be broken and the brakes applied.

As the danger condition continues and the speed hasbeen reduced to a small amount say five miles per hour, the arm 43 will engage with a contact 49 thereby closing circuit from one side of thebattery 76 through the relay 70, contact 49, arm 43, magnet 45 and tongue of relay 75 to the other side of the battery. The relay 75 has picked up during the travel of the arm 23 by reason of having its circuit This circuit for relay 75 may be traced as follows :beginning at the battery 76, relay 75, contacts 28 23, magnet 27, relay 73, front contact of relay 12, back to the battery 76. The pitch and length of the worm 16 is such that it will cause the arm 23 to engage the 'contact29 well within the braking distance.

"In fact, the travel of the arm 23 is simply of relay 73. The second wave of this cycle of alternating current, although it effects picking up of relay 13 produces no result in that relay 73 is still down,this relay 73 being held deenergized for a distance of travel determined by worm 16 and sufiicient to assure that the relay 13 (picked up'by the second wave) has again dropped. The-worm 19 is so proportioned that the arm 29 remains in engagement until after it has travelled a certain distance, in this case until the permanent magnet has been passed. The circuit of'the relay 75 just referred to, is made through the contact 29, arm 23, magnet 27 and relay 73 through the tongue of the relay 12. The

lifting of the relay 73, however, will not effect 7 any change as the relay 13 has droppedat the end of the first wave of the alternating current cycle generated inthecoils 10 upon passage of the wheels and axle over an electromagnet N. The energizing of t 1e magnet 27,

however, restores the arm 23 and maintains circuit throughrelay 73, magnet27'and relay 75, and includingthe contact 28 after leaving the contact 29,.

. The circuit of the magnet 15 having been completed as described, the arm 43 will be restored and also the relay being energized the circuit of the clear green light 68 will .be the same as previously described.

peared since the apparatus was set into operation by the danger conditions as described, the next field encountered will be such as to produce undulations in the vehicle circuit as indicated at 1 and 3 in Fig. 14. This first undulation reinforces the voltage of battery llcausing the picking of the relay 13. A circuit will thereupon be established, through the bell 71, relay 74L, magnet 33, contacts of relay 13, and contacts of relay 73, back to battery 76. Similarly another circuit will be established, starting at battery 76, contacts of relay7 5, magnet 45, arm 13, contact 50, contacts of relay 13, contacts of relay 75,

back to battery 76. T It is of course understood that the relay 12 has not yet dropped, the wave 1 shown in Fig. 14' only having transspired thus far, so that the relays 75 and. 73 and the magnet 27 are still assuming their energized position. The engineer will,therefore get a clear bell signal, the magnet 45 will cause the restoration of the arm 43 and the arm 29 will. be thrown, into engagement with its worm. The succeeding undulation (see 3 of Fig. 14) will release the relay 13 and the arm 29 will travel along its worm until wedged therefrom by the cam 37, breaking contact at 34. The apparatus willthen be reset permitting the operation of the train at the will of the engineer (within certain limits as above referred to) and in readiness for operation in accordance with clear or danger conditions as described.

Referring now to Fig. 8, the inducing coil. is shown as enveloping the axle instead of thewheels and many other dispositions of the inducing coilsv on the vehicle might be made. Otherwise the vehicle circuits may In Fig. 9 instead of having the magnets transverse to the track as shown in Fig. 2 thev maybe arranged longitudinally of the track as shown in Fig. 9. The electromagnet in this case is shown at 91 and thepermanent magnet at 92, their polarities being reversed as shown and manganese sections of rail 93 and 94 interposed between the poles of each magnet. In this figure also the inducing coils of the vehicle-circuit are shown as mounted upon yokes as 96; extending between the wheels. Another arrangementis shown in Figs. 11 and 12 wherein the magnets extend longitudinally of the track but are located mid-way between the rails, 97 representing the electromagnet and 98 the permanent ma net, their polarities being reversed as sho'w ii. The inducing coilas 99 on the vehicle may be mounted on a magnetic yoke 100 suspended from the bottom of the car and adapted to pass over the electro and permanent magnets installed in the track.

Fig. 10 is a view wherein the location of the magnets is similar to that shown in Figs. 11 and 12 but instead of having both poles of the magnet exposed to actupon the car circuit, the succeeding magnets expose a north pole of one and'a south pole of the other. In this figure 101 represents an electromagnetic pole and 102 the permanent magnet pole while 108 indicates the coil mounted on the car in which electro-motive force is induced by the magnets. I

1 Referring now to Fig.7, it is well known that the vehicle should slow up on approaching a curve. Accordingly, at a suitable distance from the curve, a magnet 104:is installed having its polarities such that as a vehicle passes over it there will be induced in the vehicle circuit a cycle as indicated by the loops 4 and 5 of Fig. 14. This will create an artificial danger condition as will compel the engineer to slow down his train as before described. Just before reaching, or at the curve, is placed a magnet '105 with polarity reversed as regards the magnet 104. Upon encountering the field of this magnet the danger condition will be cleared up and the engineer permitted to speed up again.

The worm 21 is so constructed that the stop arm 43 will be moved along itat such rate that the engineer, by reducing his speed within permissible, or desirable braking limits, may keep the needle or pointer 38 out of the way of the stop arm to avoid breaking the circuit of the-brake magnet 65.

- Also this worm should be so constructed as a to move the stop arm insuch manner as to re uire the vehicle speed to be reduced (in order to keep out of the way of the stop. arm) so, that this speed will be reduced to the. desired limit within a predetermined distance of the travel of the vehicle;

While. the invention has been illustrated in what is considered its best application, together with certain modifications, it may be embodied in oth er structures without departingfrom its spirit, and is not, therefore,

limited to the structures shown in thedrawa What' I claim is:

1'. The combination with a track, of a ve-. hicle movable along the same, magnets along the track, a circuit on saidvehicle adapted to have electro-motive force induced in it by said magnets, means set in operation by said electromotive. force and continuing in operation after the. cessation of said electro-- motive torce, tending to influence movement of the vehicle an'd'means controlledby the pee h e e forp ve ins the. xercise of said influence.

f2 hec mblne l n. w t a ra k, at a hicle movable along the same, magnet-s along the track, a circuit on said vehicle adapted to i have electromotive force induced in it by said magnets, a brake circuitand means controlled jointly by said electromotive force and the speed of the vehicleand operable at different speeds to control said brake circuit.

4. The combination with atrack, of a vehiclemovable along the same, magnets along the track, a circuiton said vehicle adapted to have electromotive force induced in it by said magnets, a brake circuit means controlled jointly by said electromotive force and the speed of the vehicle and operable at different speeds to. control said brake circuit, and means for controlling the magnets according to trackconditions.

5. The combination with a track, of a vehicle movable along the same, magnets along contact mechanism controlling said brake cir- 'cuit, and tending to place the brakes in operation, other contact mechanism controlling theinovement of the vehicle, atrain of mechanism driven from; a moving partof said vehicle for operating said other contact mech 'anism and means for opposing the tendency of the first mentioned contact mechanism, said opposing means being also operated by said train of mechanism whereby the failure of said trainto drive said; other contact'mechan sm will remove opposition to the application ofthe brakes.

have electromotive force induced in itby said Jmagnets, a stop arm, meansdriven from a 1 a movable part of the vehicle for driving said stop arm, means controlled by said electro- V motive force-for controlling the engagement of said stop arm with its said driving means, y

the relative position ofsaid stop arm and member.

track relay, normally energized train control apparatus on the vehicle, a normally energized stick device having a pick-up and a stick circuit for controlling said apparatus,

separate responsive devices on'the vehicleresponsive to influences transmitted from the trackway for controlling said pick-up'and said stick circuit respectively, and separate impulse transmitting devices associated with each block and acting to control said respective responsive devices separately through an intervening air gap.

9. In an automatic train control system, the combination with a track divided into blocks each having a normally closed track circuit including a normally energized track relay, a railway vehicle, train control apparatus can ried on said vehicle, a stick electro-responsive device on said vehicle having a pick-up circuit and a stick circuit, a permanent magnet associated with each block acting through an intervening air gap to break said stick circuit, a coil associated with said permanent magnet for modifying the eflect of said permanent magnet, a control circuit for said coil controlled in accordance with the condition of the track relay of the block next in advance, and an electromagnet near the exit endof each block controlled in accordance with the condition of the track relay of the a block next in advance and acting through an intervening air gap when energized to close said pick-up circuit. 7

10. In an automatic train control system, the combination with a track divided into blocks each having a normally closed track circuit including normally energized track relay, a railway vehicle, train control apparatus carried on said vehicle, a stick electroresponsive device on said vehicle having a pick-up circuit and a stickcircuit, a permanent magnet associated with each block acting through an intervening air gap to break said stick circuit, electrically controlled means associated with said permanent magnet for modifying the effect of said permanent magnet, a control circuit for said electrically controlled means controlled in accordance with the condition or" the track relay of the block next in advance, and an electromagnet near the exit end of each block controlled in accordance with the condition of the track relay of the block next in advance and acting through an intervening air gap when energized to close said pick-up circuit.

11. In an automatic train control system, the combination with a vehicle and a track therefor divided into blocks by insulating joints, a normally closed track circuit for each block including a normally energized track relay, a normally energized'stick electro-responsive train control device on the vehicle having a pick-up circuit and having a stick circuit including a contact operated by said device and closed when said device is energized, a normally de-energized relay on the vehicle which when energized closes saidpick up circuit, a normally energized relay on the vehicle having a normally closed contact included in said stick circuit, influence communicating means along the track inherently active to transmit a control influence to the vehicle inductively to de-energize said responsive train control device on the vehicle having a pick-up circuit and having a stick circuit including a contact operated by said device and closed when said device is energized, a normally de-energize-d relay on the vehicle which when energized closes said pick-up circuit, a normally energized relay on the vehicle having a normally closed contact included in said stick circuit, a permanent magnet along the track inherently active to transmit a control influence to the vehicle inductively to de-energize said normally energized relay, and an electro-magnet along the trackway inherently inactive but rendered active if the track relay of the nor-it block in advance is energized to inductively transmit a control influence to said vehicle to energize said normally de-energized relay.

13. In an automatic train control system, the combination with a vehicle and a track therefor divided into blocks by insulating joints, a normally closed track circuit for each block including a normally energized track relay, a normally energized stick electro-responsive train control device on the vehicle having a pick-up circuit and having a stick circuit including a contact operated by said device and closed when said device is energized, a normally de-energized relay on the vehicle which when energized closes said pick-up circuit, a normally energized relay on the vehicle having a normally closed con 'tact included in said stick circuit, influence 25 1 of the vehicle is excessive, control means for track relay'of the next block in advance is energized to inductively transmit a control influence to said vehicle to energize said normally dc-energized relay, cab signal means rendered active in response to energization the indicating condition of said speed re sponsive device, said speed responsive device including means for generating a voltage in accordance with the speed of the car, and means for checking the operativeness of said speed responsive device.

15. An automatic train control .system comprising, a brake control device on the VQlllClG, speed control means for rendering said brake control device active if the speed determining the speed limit imposed by said speed control means, means ,for actuating said control means to restrict the, speed of the train in response to an inductive control influence transmitted from the trackway, a

visual signal rendered active so long 'as said control means is in its actuated condition, and an audible slgnal rendered active for an interval of time'only upon actuation of said control means.

V 16. An automatic train control system comprising, a brake control device,"speed controlled meansfor controlling said device, and

means for changing the speed limit imposed by said speed-controlled means in accordance with the acceleration and deceleration of the train.

' 17. An automatic train control system comprising, a brake control device, speed controlled means for controlling said device, and means for changing thespeed limit imposedby said speed controlled means'in ac- J I cordance with-the degree of grade the train is clambing or descending.

18. In, an automatic train control system,

the combination with a vehicle and a track therefor divided into blocks by insulating joints, a normally closed track circuit for each-block including a normally energized track relay, normally energized train control apparatus on'the vehicle, a normally en.- ergized stick device "having a pick-up and a stick circuit for controlling said apparatus, separate responsive devices on the vehicle ,responsive to influences transmitted from the trackway for controlling said pick-up and said stick circuit respectively, an impulse transmitting device associated with each block controlled by the; track relay of the block next in advance and acting to control through an intervening air gap the responsive devicewhich controls said pick-up circuit, and means along the track at permanent hazards continuously active for transmitting a controlinfluence to the responsive device 7 which controls said stick circuit.

19. In an inductive train control system, a

trackway having a section necessitating restricted vehicle speeds, vehicle control mechanism including means for controlling the speed of the vehicle, inductive means at one 'end of said track sectionfor operatingthe vehicle mechanism independent of traffic conditions to impose a speed restriction on said vehicle, and inductive means at the other end of said track section for operating the said mechanism independent of traflic conditions to relieve said restriction. 20. In an inductive train control system, a trackway having a section necessitating restricted vehicle speeds, vehicle carried mech anism including means for controlling the speed of the vehicle, instrumentalities adapted to be inductivelyinfluenced for operating the said means, and roadside mechanism ineluding inductors spaced a distance apart corresponding to the length of said'section forinfluencing the said instrumentalities independent of traflic conditions to impose the speed restriction and to then relieve said restriction.

21; In an inductive train control system,

stricted vehicle speeds, vehicle carried mechanism including means for controlling the speed of the vehicle, instrumentalities adapted to be inductively influenced for operating a trackway having a section necessitating rethe said means, and roadside mechanism in- V cluding inductors spaced a distance apart for reversely influencing the said instrumentalities independent of traflic conditions to impose .the speed restriction and to then relieve said restriction.

Signedat New York city, in the county of New York,fland State of New York, this 6th I day of January, A. D. 1916.

' 1 WILLIAM G. NEIN.

corresponding to the length "of said section m5 7 

